From Africa to Quai Branly: Histories of the Collections
Cushion
HausaNiger Early 20th century
Leather, pigments Gift of Jean-Charles Paulme
Paris, Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac
Inv. 71.1937.51.261
This leather cushion decorated with geometric motifs is characteristic of the Hausa culture, which is established mainly in the north of Nigeria and the south of Niger. The square is one of the main symbols in Islamic iconography, and is often divided into nine smaller squares, forming a talismanic figure.
Since the 11th century, the Hausa have distinguished themselves in working iron, textiles, and leather. They are also recognised as major players in local and regional trade. The Hausa developed strong links with the Arab peoples of the Sahel, and their culture has been influenced by Islam since their conversion many centuries ago.
The Hausa prefer the outdoors to the indoors, the courtyard to the chamber, and the social to the individual. The interiors of their homes are therefore reduced to the bare minimum. Seating may be limited to stools and beds, complemented by woven covers, matting that serves as armrests or pillows, and cushions. At the end of the 19th century, the leather market began to focus on manufacture of bags and cushions specifically for Europeans. This type of cushion is one of the decorative elements that have been produced in large quantities for decades. Even today, travellers, tourists and residents purchase them for their aesthetic aspect and decorative and functional uses.
This cushion was acquired by Jean-Charles Paulme, a shipping company agent who lived and travelled in Africa during the first half of the 20th century. He was the father of the famous Africanist ethnologist Denise Paulme.